ADVANCED FLUID MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS

Description

The FHEQ Level 5 treatment of thermofluids builds on the material taught at FHEQ Level 4. It is presented in three linked sections: Thermodynamics, Heat Transfer and Fluid Mechanics. The Thermodynamics section introduces the second law of thermodynamics, entropy and associated concepts. These are used in understanding cycles and processes, and consideration of common engine cycles. The Heat Transfer section gives a solid grounding in aspects of heat transfer that are essential for engineers. It covers. fundamental transfer mechanisms for steady state problems. Heat transfer coefficient evaluation and pipe flow problems are considered. Heat exchanger design and simple radiation exchange problems are introduced. The Fluid Mechanics section considers incompressible, inviscid and viscous flow, and introduces compressible flow. Boundary layer theory is related to external flow around streamlined bodies, such as cars and aeroplanes in high Reynolds number flows. Bluff bodies with flow separation are also considered. Compressible flow theory is related to aerospace and other applications where flow velocities are high and fluid density changes become significant. Indicative content includes: Fundamentals: Further treatment of Laws of Thermodynamics, principally the second law, and its corollaries. Irreversibility. Perfect gases and perfect gas processes. Reciprocating Engine Cycles: Analysis of air standard cycles for reciprocating engines: Otto, Diesel, dual. Cycle efficiency. Gas Turbine Cycles: Cycles of steady flow processes - gas turbine cycle, jet engine. Thermal efficiency, net specific work output and work ratio. Heat Transfer: Introduction to heat transfer, temperature driving force, overall and film heat transfer coefficients, log mean temperature, and thermal resistance; double pipe and more complex heat exchangers; steady state heat conduction; convection mechanisms, thermal boundary layers, dimensionless numbers and HTC correlations; radiation mechanisms, total enclosure, basic radiation exchange calculations. External viscous and inviscid flow (incompressible): Streamlines, pressure drag and viscous drag, boundary layer flow for a flat plate, reference to continuity and Navier-Stokes equations as exact equations, boundary conditions. Compressible inviscid flow: general description of sub and supersonic flow; Bernoulli's equation, stagnation pressure, energy and stagnation temperature; isentropic flow in convergent and divergent ducts, and choking; description of over and under-expansion, and shock waves. Illustrate the need for a thorough understanding of thermodynamics and heat transfer in overcoming problems associated with global warming and energy supply Develop understanding of the second law of thermodynamics and its application to internal combustion gas power cycles Familiarise students with the mechanisms of heat transfer and with the basic approach to solving steady state heat transfer problems and design calculation methods for a range of heat exchanger types. Provide students with the ability to calculate the drag and heat transfer for flow over a flat plate Introduce compressible flow behaviour in converging and diverging nozzles. Attributes Developed 001 On successful completion of the module, students will be able to: Appreciate the need for improved energy efficiency and the use of new fuels and alternative energy sources in order to reduce CO2 emissions and conserve energy resources. CKPT 002 Demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of thermo-fluid principles applied to various engine cycles, heat exchangers and fluid flows and predict system thermal efficiency. CKP 003 Analyse heat transfer systems, boundary layer flows and simple compressible flows using analytical and modelling techniques. CKP