American Literature to 1900

Description

For affiliate students only. From the early days of colonisation and captivity narratives to the extraordinary literary renaissance of the nineteenth century, American literature grappled with issues of race, gender, democracy, consciousness, vision, urban life, national identity, power and trauma which remain deeply relevant to American culture and society today. This module begins with the Jamestown colonists and the Puritans, who envisaged their new world as a ‘city upon a hill’. It gives you the chance to uncover the origins of the American autobiographical tradition and the gothic novel before focusing on the great American literature of the nineteenth century. In 1838, Ralph Waldo Emerson proclaimed to Harvard’s Divinity School that: ‘always the seer is a sayer’. This was a period in which the role of the writer took on new significance in contexts of Transcendentalism, social utopianism and restless spiritual quest. Abolitionism gained new energy and purpose as fugitive slaves like Frederick Douglass revealed the unmitigated horrors that continued to dominate in the South. In its middle decades, the country exploded in civil war and the world watched, entranced, to see if the fragile experiment of American democracy would survive and whether it would be slaveholding or free. Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson produced strikingly original poetry profoundly engaged with their own historical moment, Moby-Dick and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn laid an early claim to the status of the Great American Novel and unprecedented levels of immigration swelled the cities and gave rise to a particularly urban fiction in which, by the end of the nineteenth century, everyday life on the streets became, for the first time, something which might be seen to matter. Each term consists of lectures on six set texts and related topics and authors plus seminars on four of the six set texts. One of the set texts for the Autumn term is a selection of emancipation narratives, some of which are in the Norton Anthology, one of which is available as a book and the rest on a PDF on moodle. The module engages with a range of writing, including political writing, oratory, poetry, prose, the short story and the novel. Authors include John Smith, Mary Rowlandson, Benjamin Franklin, Jonathan Edwards, Thomas Jefferson, Charles Brockden Brown, George Moses Hornton, Nathaniel Hawthorne, James Fenimore Cooper, Sojourner Truth, Frederick Douglass, Margaret Fuller, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, John Greenleaf Whittier, Horace Greeley, Abraham Lincoln, Frances Dana Barker Gage, Edgar Allan Poe, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Walt Whitman, Emily Dickinson, Herman Melville, Mark Twain, Kate Chopin, Henry James, Charles Chesnutt and Stephen Crane. There is an extensive online reading list of set texts and further reading which you are encouraged to browse in order to get a sense of the range and scope of this module. Please see course handbook for infromation about assessment.