Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Description

This course aims to familiarize you with the foundation of the biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell. Fundamental processes, which nearly occur in each cell type of the human body, i.e. energy supply, gene expression, growth and differentiation, will be discussed. These processes – together with the topics that are discussed in the course of Cell biology – form the base for the more specialized functions of different tissues and organ systems in the human body that will be discussed later in the curriculum. The course also places biochemical and molecular insights into a medical context. For a number of diseases, it is shown how (epi)genetic changes or certain toxins disrupt normal molecular processes and lead to specific syndromes. Furthermore, it is illustrated how a good understanding of molecular structure and function allows to understand the mechanism of action of drugs or to develop new drugs. You will also become acquainted with the scientific method. For a number of concepts, the underlying experimental evidence is examined in more detail in order to clarify the scientific way of thinking in molecular biology. Finally, you will learn to think critically about the theory and apply the theory on the basis of assignments in the exercise sessions. After completing this course, you will know and understand the cellular topics/processes that are listed below You can also apply your knowledge in a medical context. Chemistry of the cell Structure and function of macromolecules of the cell (nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides and lipids) Bioenergetics Function, action and regulation of enzymes Energy metabolism (glycolysis, fermentation, gluconeogenesis, aerobic respiration) Genetic material of the cell (DNA structure, chromosomes) DNA replication, DNA damage, DNA-repair mechanisms and homolog recombination Genetic code, transcription and RNA processing, protein synthesis Regulation of gene expression op (epi)genomic level, transcriptional and post-transcriptional level The cell cycle, mitosis and apoptosis Meiosis and genetic variability